Acer Shirasawanum: The Fullmoon Maple

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The Enchanting Acer shirasawanum: A Guide to the Japanese Fullmoon Maple

Acer shirasawanum, commonly known as the Japanese Fullmoon Maple, is a captivating deciduous tree revered for its delicate, rounded leaves and vibrant seasonal colors. Originating from Japan, this species has garnered significant popularity among gardeners and landscape designers worldwide. Its graceful form and adaptability to various growing conditions make it a prized addition to any garden seeking a touch of elegance and tranquility.

Introduction to Acer shirasawanum

Acer shirasawanum belongs to the maple family (Aceraceae) and is characterized by its slow growth, compact size, and distinctive palmate leaves. Unlike its more widely recognized cousin, Acer palmatum, the Fullmoon Maple boasts rounded, almost circular leaves, giving it a unique aesthetic appeal. Its name, “shirasawanum,” honors the Japanese botanist Homi Shirasawa.

Key Characteristics

Leaves: The leaves are the most defining feature, typically composed of 9 to 13 shallow, toothed lobes. They emerge in spring with a soft, downy texture and often display a reddish or bronze hue, maturing to a vibrant green during summer.

Autumn Color: As autumn approaches, Acer shirasawanum transforms into a spectacle of color. The leaves transition through a palette of fiery oranges, reds, and yellows, creating a breathtaking display.

Bark: The bark is smooth and greyish-brown, adding to the tree’s overall refined appearance.

Size: This species generally grows into a small, multi-stemmed tree or large shrub, reaching heights of 10 to 20 feet (3 to 6 meters) at maturity, with a similar spread.

Growth Habit: it has a tendency to produce a rounded growth habit.

Cultivation and Care

Acer shirasawanum thrives in well-drained, slightly acidic soil. It prefers partial shade, especially in hotter climates, where excessive sunlight can scorch its delicate leaves. Proper care and attention to its specific requirements are essential for its healthy growth and vibrant display.

planting Considerations

Location: Choose a location that offers protection from harsh winds and intense afternoon sun. A spot with morning sun and afternoon shade is ideal.

Soil: Ensure the soil is well-drained and enriched with organic matter. Amend heavy clay soils with compost or other organic amendments to improve drainage.

Planting: Dig a hole twice as wide as the root ball and the same depth. Gently loosen the roots before placing the tree in the hole. Backfill with soil and water thoroughly.

Maintenance and Care

Watering: Acer shirasawanum requires consistent moisture, especially during dry periods. Water deeply when the top layer of soil feels dry.

Mulching: Apply a layer of mulch around the base of the tree to retain moisture, regulate soil temperature, and suppress weeds.

Fertilizing: Feed the tree with a balanced fertilizer in early spring before new growth begins. Avoid over-fertilizing, as it can lead to excessive growth and weak wood.

Pruning: Pruning is typically minimal, focusing on removing dead, damaged, or crossing branches. Shape the tree lightly to maintain its desired form.

Pest and Disease Control: Monitor for common pests like aphids and spider mites. Treat any infestations promptly. Be aware of potential fungal diseases and ensure good air circulation to prevent them.

Popular Varieties and Cultivars

Over the years, numerous cultivars of Acer shirasawanum have been developed, each offering unique characteristics and aesthetic appeal. Here are a few notable examples:

Acer shirasawanum ‘Aureum’

This cultivar is prized for its vibrant golden-yellow leaves, which brighten up any garden space.

It prefers a location with some shade to prevent leaf scorch.

The spring color is a very bright yellow that slowly turns to a chartreuse color in the summer.

Acer shirasawanum ‘Autumn Moon’

Known for its stunning autumn foliage, which displays a blend of orange, red, and pink hues.

This cultivar tends to hold onto its leaves longer than other varieties.

The leaf coloration is highly variable.

Acer shirasawanum ‘Moonrise’

This variety exibits bright red new growth that turns to a green through the summer, and then bright orange and red in the fall.

This cultivar grows to a small size, so it is perfect for small gardens.

Very attractive spring colors.

Other Notable Varieties

Numerous other varieties add to the depth of this wonderful species. There are varieties that have more red colored spring leaves, and some that are more green. Each variety has it’s own slight nuances.

Landscape Applications

Acer shirasawanum lends itself beautifully to various landscape designs. Its compact size and graceful form make it ideal for small gardens, courtyards, and container plantings.

Japanese Gardens

Its natural elegance and association with Japanese culture make it a staple in Japanese garden designs.

It complements other Japanese garden elements, such as stones, moss, and bamboo.

Specimen Plant

Its striking autumn color and unique leaf shape make it an excellent specimen plant, drawing attention and adding a focal point to any garden.

Container Gardening

Acer shirasawanum can thrive in containers, provided they are large enough and have good drainage.

This is a good method for people who have limited garden space.

Container grown plants require more diligent watering.

Woodland Gardens

Because of its shade tolerance, this species works well in woodland gardens, and other shaded areas.

It works well with ferns and other shade loving plants.

Conclusion

Acer shirasawanum is a truly remarkable tree that brings elegance and beauty to any garden. Its delicate leaves, vibrant autumn colors, and graceful form make it a coveted addition to landscapes worldwide. With proper care and attention to its specific needs, this Fullmoon Maple will reward gardeners with its captivating charm for years to come.